1) Tithing (giving 10% of one's increase - be that material or financial in nature) was in operation BEFORE the Law was given to Moses, because Abraham gave tithes to Melchizedek, who is a type and forerunner of Jesus [confirmed in Hebrews Ch 7 in the NT] - see Genesis 14:18-20:
18 Then Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine; he was the priest of God Most High.
19 And he blessed him and said:
“Blessed be Abram of God Most High,
Possessor of heaven and earth;
20 And blessed be God Most High,
Who has delivered your enemies into your hand.”
And he gave him a tithe of all.
In Psalm 110:4, God confirms that Jesus is of the same order as Melchizedek...
The Lord has sworn
And will not relent,
“You are a priest forever
According to the order of Melchizedek.” [NKJV]
To make sure we really understand this, Paul re-affirms this in Hebrews 4:10 and Hebrews 6:20..
10 called by God as High Priest “according to the order of Melchizedek,” [NKJV]
20 where the forerunner has entered for us, even Jesus, having become High Priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek. [NKJV]
Now, based on the fact that Abraham gave a tenth of the spoils (increase) to Melchizedek, who was the priest of God Most High, it appears that the requirement of tithing of our increase is a Kingdom of God requirement, that was established before the Law, and is therefore not a part of the Law, but of the righteousness of God.
In Hebrews 7, Paul clearly argues that believers in Jesus should also tithe of their increase, following in the footsteps of Abraham, whom God called "His friend", and that their tithe is given to Jesus, since He now stands in the role of High Priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek.
2) Whenever Jesus spoke about tithing, He commended it - see Matthew 23:23-, also Luke 11:41,Luke 18:12):
23 “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you pay tithe of mint and anise and cummin, and have neglected the weightier matters of the law: justice and mercy and faith. These you ought to have done, without leaving the others undone.
The passage in Hebrews 7 confirms that Jesus is entitled to at least the same rights as Melchizedek, which means that we Christians are also required to give tithes to Him. This has NOTHING to do with the Mosaic Law.
God is the same yesterday, today and forever, He NEVER changes. If this is true, then the passage in Malachi 3:8-10 MUST still be true...
8 “Will a man rob God?
Yet you have robbed Me!
But you say,
‘In what way have we robbed You?’
In tithes and offerings.
9 You are cursed with a curse,
For you have robbed Me,
Even this whole nation.
10 Bring all the tithes into the storehouse,
That there may be food in My house,
And try Me now in this,”
Says the Lord of hosts,
“If I will not open for you the windows of heaven
And pour out for you such blessing
That there will not be room enough to receive it.
According to this passage, God regards the tithe as His personal property, and if we do not give it we are robbing God.
I don't know about you, but I certainly do not want God to accuse me of being a thief, especially since He has promised to bless me abundantly if I give Him the tithe.
The tithe is NOT an offering, and it should be given to your local church (see next point) where you are a member, since its intent is to support and provide for the apostles, prophets evangelists, pastors and teachers that Jesus has set up in the local church. These anointed ministers of God are Jesus' representatives here on earth for teaching and building up the saints for the work of the ministry.
It says in 1 Corinthians 9:1-14 that it is the right of an anointed minister of God, who stands in one or more of the 5-fold offices of apostle, prophet, evangelist, pastor or teacher to be paid for the work they do in their ministries:
1 Am I not an apostle? Am I not free? Have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? Are you not my work in the Lord?
2 If I am not an apostle to others, yet doubtless I am to you. For you are the seal of my apostleship in the Lord.
3 My defense to those who examine me is this:
4 Do we have no right to eat and drink?
5 Do we have no right to take along a believing wife, as do also the other apostles, the brothers of the Lord, and Cephas?
6 Or is it only Barnabas and I who have no right to refrain from working?
7 Who ever goes to war at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard and does not eat of its fruit? Or who tends a flock and does not drink of the milk of the flock?
8 Do I say these things as a mere man? Or does not the law say the same also?
9 For it is written in the law of Moses, “You shall not muzzle an ox while it treads out the grain.” Is it oxen God is concerned about?
10 Or does He say it altogether for our sakes? For our sakes, no doubt, this is written, that he who plows should plow in hope, and he who threshes in hope should be partaker of his hope.
11 If we have sown spiritual things for you, is it a great thing if we reap your material things?
12 If others are partakers of this right over you, are we not even more? Nevertheless we have not used this right, but endure all things lest we hinder the gospel of Christ.
13 Do you not know that those who minister the holy things eat of the things of the temple, and those who serve at the altar partake of the offerings of the altar?
14 Even so the Lord has commanded that those who preach the gospel should live from the gospel. [NKJV, emphasis added]
In fact Paul goes further, and says in 1 Timothy 5:17-18:
17 Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word and doctrine.
18 For the Scripture says, “You shall not muzzle an ox while it treads out the grain,” and, “The laborer is worthy of his wages.” [NKJV]
It is clear from these passages of scripture that God expects (commands!) that His ministers are fed and provided for by the people who receive their anointed ministry. For anyone to say that the role of a paid pastor in today's church is one that scripture opposes is utterly wrong!!
This is the view now being promulgated by George Barna and Frank Viola in their new book "Pagan Christianity: Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices". Just so that you see that I am not misrepresenting them, I quote from the book:
Note that we are using the term pastor throughout this chapter to depict the contemporary pastoral office and role, not the specific individual who fills this role. By and large, those who serve in the office of pastor are wonderful people. They are honorable, decent, and very often gifted Christians who love God and have a zeal to serve His people. But it is the role they fill that both Scripture and church history are opposed to. [Empahsis added]
You are also asked by God to give free-will offerings towards the ministry ("good works") of the Church - these are in addition to the tithe, and God will only accept them if you give them cheerfully and in faith, for as it says in 2 Corinthians 9:6-7:
"6 But this I say: He who sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and he who sows bountifully will also reap bountifully.
7 So let each one give as he purposes in his heart, not grudgingly or of necessity; for God loves a cheerful giver." [NKJV]
These offerings can be regarded as spiritual seeds, which, because this seed is eternal, never dies or goes bad, and will ALWAYS give a return if you speak life to it. Therefore you, just like any farmer, should expect a harvest from this seed, here and now, in this life - not just in the eternal future.
3) The purpose of the tithe today
As Head of the Church, Jesus has established anointed ministers of God, namely apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors and teachers to be in the local church, whose responsibility is to teach, admonish, edify (build up) and equip the saints (that's ALL believers) so that they, the believers, can do the work of the ministry. See [Ephesians 4:11-15]. Since it is obvious to all that we have yet to reach that place of
13 ...come[ing] to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to a perfect man, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ;
14 that we should no longer be children, tossed to and fro and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the trickery of men, in the cunning craftiness of deceitful plotting,
15 but, speaking the truth in love, may grow up in all things into Him who is the head—Christ—
16 from whom the whole body, joined and knit together by what every joint supplies, according to the effective working by which every part does its share, causes growth of the body for the edifying of itself in love. [NKJV]
the role of the five-fold ministry positions must still be in effect.
To clarify, the only one of these 5 roles that has the job of overseeing or shepherding a local church is the Pastor. An Apostle only has an oversight role in those churches that he, or she, has personally been involved in starting. Nobody, who calls themselves an apostle, has the right to march into a church and demand that the Pastor be submitted to him, because he is believes he is an apostle and that is the way the church leadership is supposed to be structured. There is NOTHING in the NT that support that view. Even Paul himself acknowledged that he, as an apostle, was limited in his authority to those churches that he had helped to start - see Acts 1 Corinthians 9:1-2.
An apostle may clearly be identified as someone who has been called of God to start churches, and has done so several times (thus demonstrating he has the anointing to be an apostle), and who as a result has oversight over those churches, and provides pastoral oversight and advice to the Pastors for those churches. The apostle may have oversight over other Pastors in churches he or she did not have a hand in starting, but only because they have requested this, as a form of accountability and for guidance. The apostle still has no right to take over the control of a church under his authority unless the designated Pastor has resigned or been removed from his position due to inappropriate behavior or ungodly activities. Even then, the Apostle will (or should) endeavor to quickly find a replacement for that Pastor. An Apostle may also have one or more anointings to be a prophet or teacher, but these "gifts" are primarily for the churches he or she has oversight of, and occasionally for the benefit of other ministries, but only if invited to do so.
The role of a NT prophet is much different from that of an OT prophet. They have a specific calling from God to provide prophetic instruction to a local church, or occasionally to a wider audience, e.g meetings involving believers from a group of local churches, or at a convention of believers (it is VERY unlikely that an prophet will be called to minister the whole Body of Christ). Again, the prophet will be submitted to the pastor of his local church. Prophets do not operate independently of a local church. We, as believers are required of God to judge and validate any "words" given by a prophet, to make sure that they line up with the Word. The local church may choose to provide some support for this person, if their ministry takes them further afield than their local church. This would most likely come from the free-will offerings of the congregation, rather than out of the tithes.
A true prophet will regularly operate in one or more of the "utterance gifts", as described in 1 Corinthians12 - namely the operation of the "gift of Prophesy", which is the vehicle for the manifestation of either or both the "Word of Knowledge" or the "Word of Wisdom". They will often also operate in the "". This means that they are given insight ("discernment" means simply to see - with no connotations of judgment) into the realm of the spirit world, and can become aware of both good (angelic) and bad (demonic) spirits, as well as individual human spirits.
Please understand that these "gifts", or rather "manifestations of Holy Spirit" occur ONLY when the Holy Spirit decides - the prophet may choose to give or not to give these prophetic announcements - that is his right [1 Corinthians 14:32], but no true prophet would presume to consistently refuse the leading of Holy Spirit in these matters - they risk losing the anointing if they do so.
An evangelist should be sent out from the local church where he or she is an accredited member. Generally speaking, evangelists do not make good pastors, and it unusual for God to call and evangelist to be a pastor. A true evangelist will have a special anointing to preach the gospel, with sings, wonders and miracles following, in confirmation f the Word. The will usually operate in the "power" gifts of Holy Spirit - the "working of miracles", the "gifts of healings" (notice the plural tense), the "gift of special faith" (to distinguish this from every believer's "measure of faith" - see ), and sometimes the "Word of Knowledge" and "discernment of spirits". Basically, Holy Spirit will manifest these "gifts" in order for the effective working of the signs, wonders and miracles. Just as with Jesus' ministry, sometimes sickness and disease is the direct result of demonic oppression, and requires the working of a miracle to cast the demonic influence out of a person. This is where the evangelist can be given the "discernment of spirits" so that they know what to do. The "gift of special faith" comes into operation to allow the evangelist to have the faith to believe, on behalf of the person being ministered to, for example, for a limb or body part to grow back, or for a person who has suffered from the destructive effects of a disease such as leprosy, and God wants to not merely heal them of the disease, but wants to restore them to complete wholeness, by reconstructing and replacing missing body parts. He or she should be able to support themselves from the free-will offerings they receive from the group of believers they are ministering to. Their local church may also contribute, in the same manner a prophet may be supported.
A Teacher is someone who has the anointing to teach the truths of the Word to believers - again this person's ministry may be limited to a local church, a group of churches (probably under the oversight of an apostolic ministry) or as one with a wider ministry to a the Body of Christ, say at the national level, and who travels around from convention to convention teaching the Word to the believers in that locale. Antone who has a anointed teaching ministry to the Body of Christ should be able to support themselves from the free-will offerings they receive as a result of their ministry.
In ALL cases, the person who has the anointing to be a prophet, evangelist or teach MUST be a part of a local church, and choose to be submitted to the pastoral oversight of anointed Pastor. Note also that the "manifestations" are at the express will of Holy Spirit - any one of the five-fold ministries can find themselves in deep trouble if they try to operate these "gifts" outside of the direct prompting of Holy Spirit, and they run the risk of leading believers into error or worse. No one person has any or all of "the gifts" in permanent operation in their life - they are not the ones who decide when and where the "manifestations of the Spirit" happen - this is solely the decision of Holy Spirit. You will however sometimes witness someone who is called as an apostle, prophet, pastor or teacher, manifest any one or more of the 9 "gifts" as part of their ministry to the local church.
The Pastor stands in the office of overseer or shepherd, and as such represent the authority of Jesus over a local church. As such, he or she is the person to receives the tithes and free-will offerings from the local believers who attend that specific church or assembly on a regular basis.
It is VERY important to note that the pastor is the steward, not the sole recipient of these finances, which are to be used to carry out the work of the ministry - to pay for the building and its equipment and maintenance, to support the pastor's ministry to that church, so that he does not have to spend time working to support him/herself and his family, but can devote his time to the care and feeding of the flock. The pastor's role is not to dominate or tell the flock what to do, but to teach and admonish the flock in the ways of God, so that they are able to "come to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to a perfect man, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ" [Ephesians 4:13].
It is for the pastor to determine, with help if he so desires from other ministers or godly people, what to do with the unallocated portion of the tithes and any unallocated free-will offerings - to give to missions, or towards the support of other ministries, as they feel directed by Holy Spirit.
So you can see that tithing is God's way of ensuring that individual churches are able to fulfill the mandate of the "Great Commission" and take care of themselves and their pastor (and any other person who forms part of the "full-time" work of the ministry in that local church (including administrative staff, etc.)).
4) God promises us a blessing "that there will not be room enough to receive" if we tithe regularly.
If you are not being blessed, try tithing. If you are lacking anything, start sowing seed (offerings) in faith (but NOT out of need), so that God can provide you with a harvest, and when you sew, tell God what you are sowing it for in faith (note: without faith it is impossible to please God) - be that health, finances, a vehicle, your future plans, etc. You HAVE to speak out in faith what you expect your harvest to be, because this is how it will come to pass - because this is how God operates - He calls those things that are not as though they were [Romans 4:17], and we are commanded to imitate God.
The real problem is that most Christians do not understand how the Kingdom of God operates here on earth. Jesus has delivered us from the consequences of the Curse of the Law - as described in Deuteronomy 28. So, if you are bedeviled (literally, since this is the source of anything bad) by sickness, disease, lack, poverty or any other evil thing, look at your actions and words.
Have you negated or blocked the flow of the blessings of God in your life because of your omission in paying your tithes and giving offerings to God - or have you done so in a spirit of grumbling and complaining? Have you been speaking words that do not line up with or agree with Scripture. God says that He wants us to be:
6 But this I say: He who sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and he who sows bountifully will also reap bountifully.
7 So let each one give as he purposes in his heart, not grudgingly or of necessity; for God loves a cheerful giver.
8 And God is able to make all grace [God's operational power to get things done] abound toward you, that you, always having all sufficiency in all things, may have an abundance for every good work. [2 Corinthians 9:8, NKJV, emphasis added]
I don't know about you, but I want to be always having all sufficiency in all things, and not just that, but having an abundance for every good work.
I pay my tithe, I give offerings, and I am VERY blessed by God, as is my local church, because we have understood that God does not say things He does not mean.
John